Interpersonal Communication free essay sample

Relational correspondence is normally a dyadic (between two gatherings) type of correspondence. There are two significant sorts of relational correspondence utilized on an everyday premise: relational (companions, family, accomplices), or generic (cab drivers, shop aides, and so on ). These can be used as a fundamental device to improve an individual’s capacity in numerous aspects: learning, connections, expertly, socially and furthermore helping other people. Relational correspondence is viewed as the most significant type of correspondence and the most customary. It is associated (commonly dependant) on visual (sight), sound-related (sound), and motor (non-verbal communication) upgrades. Right off the bat this article will diagram a concise history of relational correspondence. Likewise in the accompanying passages, I will incorporate instances of nonverbal (sight, sound and kinesis), verbal (vis-à-vis) and enthusiastic insight (EI). I will likewise attempt to expand on a portion of the key parts of viable (functions admirably) and incapable (doesn't function admirably) relational correspondence. Since the very beginning the inhabitant’s of this world have been looking for appropriate methods for correspondence, and furthermore an approach to improve/develop the procedure. Connections are at the core of human conduct, building strong connections can lifelongly affect our own and good turn of events. Nonverbal correspondence is similarly as significant as verbal correspondence and it can take numerous structures during its transmission, the procedure of nonverbal correspondence is cultivated through the sending and accepting of silent messages. Language concentrates customarily underscore verbal and composed correspondence however excuse the significance of the quiet language. It comes in numerous structures; it very well may be a person’s apparel, swagger, outward appearance, motions, eye to eye connection and manner of speaking. To altogether see some nonverbal correspondence one should likewise be versed in various societies. There are numerous nonverbal contrasts across societies that might be deluding or be a wellspring of disarray. Exploration proposes that nonverbal correspondence is more significant in understanding human conduct than verbally expressed words. There are numerous widespread feelings, for example, dread, pity, bliss and so on. For me, I have issues to impart to certain individuals through relational. I think that its difficult to speak with my companions, relatives, and outsiders since I don't open totally myself to others. Thusly, I don't have a meaningful discussion with my companions or relatives. The three issues that I have for relational correspondence are self-exposure, recognition, and tuning in. As a matter of first importance, I have an issue on self-divulgence since I don’t need to open myself. Our capacity to discuss well with others is essential to individual and expert achievement. As basic as correspondence appears, a lot of what we attempt to convey to othersâ€and what others attempt to impart to usâ€gets misconstrued, which can cause strife and disappointment in close to home and expert connections. I think on both individual and expert level I am a moderate audience. I like to listen more than I talk. At times I feel there’s nothing amiss with hushing up except for now and again extremely difficult to not have the option to state what I need to state, or not to have the option to make some noise ever. I accept best way to improve from this is continue attempting and continue placing myself in positions where I need to talk and I get it will be simpler. I need to work on conversing with my companions all the more regularly, or attempting to predominant discussions for some time. Possibly I need to take a stab at placing myself in social circumstances where I am *slightly* awkward †I’ll feel repulsive and most likely make a dolt of myself a couple of times; conversing with individuals I dont as a rule converse with or tolerating a solicitation to some place I as a rule dont go. To fortify my aptitudes I surmise I need to simply extend my inclinations and interests so I have a more extensive extent of themes to browse when I speak with others. Something else that could do to improve my relational abilities would be ‘asking question’ however much as could be expected. I think when I’ll be posing inquiry they will feel like they are associating with me and simultaneously I will get familiar with significantly increasingly about the individual so you might have the option to contribute also. Listening is a significant ability that includes much more than the real physical procedure of hearing. Having great listening abilities is basic to accomplishment in a vocation, seeing someone, and life itself. Without the capacity to listen well, an individual is inclined to committing errors, sitting around, and as often as possible misjudging the messages of others. Practice can improve a person’s listening abilities. Initially, I have to comprehend that listening is a functioning, as opposed to detached, process. Not exclusively should I hear what a speaker says, I should get it and afterward judge whether the data bode well. To improve my listening aptitudes, I think I need to tune in regarding improve my listening abilities. Utilize my manner of speaking and selection of words to impart that I am really attempting to comprehend what the individual is stating. Giving my complete consideration on the individual speaking; I should do whatever it takes not to get occupied by different sights or sounds. I should utilize more eye to eye connection to stay centered. I ought to be attempting to block out any characteristics of the speaker that may occupy my consideration from the substance. I ought to consistently concentrate my brain on what is being said to improve my listening aptitudes; have a go at changing my body position on the off chance that I wind up losing fixation. In a contention, the vast majority of us principally need to feel heard and comprehended. We gab about our perspective to get the other individual to see things our way. Unexpectedly, on the off chance that we as a whole do this constantly, there’s little spotlight on the different person’s perspective, and no one feels comprehended. We need to place ourselves in other’s shoes and attempt to see the circumstance from the perspective of other people who are included. Others will almost certain tune in on the off chance that they feel heard. For individuals around me to convey adequately I utilize my hands, outward appearances and eyes all the time, normally perceptive and concentrating on others eyes while we talk, just as, their signals and non-verbal communication. In any case, I have taken a shot at not being delicate, as I used to tend to put my arm around individuals or contact their arms or shoulders while conversing with them. To the extent real discussion goes, I am centered, however some of the time become involved with subtleties. Open, yet once in a while overanalyze things. I have a curious nature, yet at times appear to be excessively inquisitive, and am aware of that. Now and again I like having discussion with individuals of various societies, since it allows me to become familiar with their way of life. Great correspondence passes data along. In the event that we can successfully convey, at that point individuals comprehend us much better, and whatever data we are attempting to reveal to them will get across without being misconstrued. Correspondence makes great connections. On the off chance that we can successfully convey, at that point others realize what we need and need, and we can tell them our sentiments without being misjudged. This forestalls all that mind-understanding contentions. On the off chance that we can clarify our considerations and emotions, at that point we wont misconstrue one another. Great interchanges give us confidence. Individuals with compelling relational abilities are progressively sure, in light of the fact that they realize that they can tell others precisely what they have to, and they realize that they comprehend those individuals better. It encourages us to think better. So as to impart adequately, we need to think ahead and sort out our considerations. This encourages us figure out how to arrange, and how to prepare. On the off chance that we can impart well, we can choose whether or not we have comprehended what the educator just stated, and would then be able to tell the instructor whether we need extra assistance. Relational abilities are unbelievably significant, not exclusively to understudies, yet to everybody. Verbal correspondence is a huge piece of how we present ourselves, thus having the suitable range of abilities is valuable in both our private and open lives. On the off chance that somebody can't convey well, it doesn't make a difference how splendid or gifted they are. They won't have the option to satisfy their maximum capacity on the off chance that they can't present themselves well and enough express their thoughts. Correspondence expertise is extremely fundamental since it normally represents the deciding moment our profession. In work, correspondence expertise is significant since we have to speak with others and we have to convey and get the correct message. Supposing that we cannot impart viably, individuals wont tune in to what we need to state and we will have exceptionally restricted vocation alternatives. Be that as it may, we additionally shouldn’t disregard nonverbal correspondence. It is as significant as verbal. It’s like different sides of a coin.

Prisons of the Future free essay sample

Will there be more individuals waiting on the post trial process or more individuals in prison? Truly to both, there will consistently be wrongdoing. In all probability a huge increment sooner rather than later because of the amazing ascent in wrongdoing inside the adolescent populace, which thusly prompts progressively grown-up hoodlums. Our jail frameworks of things to come should be taken a gander at from a proactive perspective before improving the detainment facilities themselves. Officials need to take a gander at ensuring that the discipline fits the wrongdoing and afterward is completed in the correct offices. I feel that we should work nearer and harder on restoring the adolescent guilty parties. Be harder on the discipline and show them the significance of remaining out the framework, and expectation that this makes them mull over their life in wrongdoing. Be that as it may, on the off chance that they do up in a detainment community, at that point the inside ought to have programs that impart hard working attitude and flexibly formal preparing to adjust the guilty party into society. We will compose a custom paper test on Penitentiaries of the Future or on the other hand any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page We have packing in jails now and this is going to keep on being an issue. For each wrongdoing there must be a suitable sentence that can and will be maintained. I additionally feel that there ought to be isolated detainment facilities for specific wrongdoings. The individuals who carry out a minor offense refrains the individuals who have carried out a wrongdoing that is considerably more serious need to have various offices. I likewise feel that it would be a smart thought for the detainees to pay food and lodging and indicating an awareness of other's expectations. I see a future where, each physically fit detainee will be attempting to pay for their remain. All things considered, the greater part of us non-lawbreakers, need to pay for a rooftop over our heads, why shouldnt they? I see less prison time for minor offenses. Numerous wrongdoings will get end of the week time, excusal for first offense, or progressively inventive approaches to carry out a punishment; like refuse pickup, or working or tasks like remaking schools, parkways or extensions on their off hours. This will keep them in the work power, shield them from adding to a prison charge, shield us from paying to take care of them, and still work off their fines. These things together would give the guilty parties a feeling of self-esteem and a sentiment of being a piece of their networks. Concerning the courts putting somebody on different life condemning in succession, they ought to consider capital punishment somewhat more, Instead of squandering our charges dollars. It is so difficult to see or even think what our Justice frameworks will resemble later on with all the cuts that are being made. In any case, I trust in our purpose that they discover something to work better then what we have at the present time.

Twelve Who Ruled †Why Tenacious Terror was Necessary Essay -- Politic

In the year 1793-94, the Reign of Terror conjured by the twelve individuals from Committee of Public Safety (CPS) was unavoidable and driven the route for a transformation to happen inside France during the French Revolution. While the word dread is regularly connected with Halloween or stories intended to be terrifying for no particular reason, the word held an unquestionably increasingly genuine significance to the individuals of France. The topic of dread permitted the CPS individuals to change the government to a progressive government with expectations of in the end instituting the constitution previously composed (75). A gathering of knowledgeable radical republicans known as the Jacobins built up the CPS in the fifth year of the French upheaval and every one of the twelve individuals managed a month to month political race to keep administering France (72). During this time, France and its kin needed support. The government that controlled France eight centuries sooner disregarded and intensely burdened the lower/working class occupants (the san-culottes) who amusingly happened to be the dominant part and least fortunate. The reason for the CPS was to build up the rights and benefits to the center and lower class just the respectability and pastorate savored. While the nobles persevered through the negative outcomes of the upset and wars from the earlier years, the majority of the country managed the influences significantly more harshly. One of the significant obligations as the new progressive government included fixing the harm saturated by the monarchial beforehand in power. Different plans in cluded directing the Revolutionary Armies, alongside the officers of the genuine militaries attempting to cleanse France of approaching trespassers and the dispersion of food supplies and necessities to live (74). The CPS never proposed a progressive government to be a changeless solution,... ...bespierre anticipated that it would make an entryway for another part to start including the French Revolution, military tyranny (372). The means for France to turn into a free republic unquestionably were difficult, yet without these advances, the country would have taken any longer to advance. In the public eye today, it is hard to accept that savagery and fear would be fundamental for something besides diversion. Tragically, so as to triumph as an autonomous country, violence is regularly unavoidable and just utilized if all else fails. As examined in class, different nations as of late have been attempting to or are getting the sway so natural to underestimate. While the improvement may not be equivalent to the French Revolution, the fear delivered by the Committee of Public Safety notices an admonition to the ones who look for progressive opportunity.

Read the instruction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Peruse the guidance - Essay Example James Madison expect, as he would see it concerning the human instinct that groups are solid in the inclination of mankind, to such an extent that humanity can fall into common enmity where there is no any introduction of significant event, in many unimportant and striking differentiations, which have come about to reviving the antagonistic interests and the most fierce clashes between the two. The federalist 10 is the most intriguing expositions of James Madison, written in 1787. This paper discusses the freedom, the job of the groups, and the cures and the degree to which the administration should control the worries that outcome from the groups. James Madison follows the depiction of the groups as the gathering of residents that either mounts to the greater part or as the minority of the entire residents, joined together and provoked by a typical enthusiasm concerning the privileges of the residents or dependent on the basic enthusiasm of the general public. Madison intrigue is si gnificantly on the political and social weakness brought about by the adversary groups; this infers Madison needs to find the center structure of the administration all in all. His advantage id to find the best structure of a legislature that will have the option to give solutions for this group along these lines he thought of the Federalists 10, which Madison found to give the best cure (Hrebenar, and Bryson 41). James Madison puts together his contentions with respect with the impacts of the groups and he says that the impacts of the groups and the instance of freedom are something very similar (Hrebenar, and Bryson 40). Subsequently, he selects to approach distinguishing the impacts of the groups and anticipates recognize how the impacts of the groups might be controlled. This is obvious where he looks at freedom to group and he thinks about air to fire, he keeps on saying that none of the two exists without the presence of the other. In any case, it couldn't raise a great deal o f ruckus to cancel freedom, which is just significant in governmental issues and supports the group rather. This draws out the way that the groups are extremely basic to the administration and in this way expelling the factions’ implies that the legislature would persecute a few people, which is against what the legislature ought to do. He additionally observes that freedom and groups are significant parts of the legislature and he remarks that to the extent the explanations behind man to live are sketched out and they have the freedom to practice it, exceptionally different suppositions will exist. In this manner, a sound government is one, which permits articulation of residents, and then again, the administration stops to be solid incase the reasons for groups influence it. Nonetheless, James Madison recommends that the Republican structure of government can arrangement and tackle the issues concerning the reasons for groups. The Republican method of an administration, as Madison proposes, can control the impacts of groups more than the manner in which the Democratic structure of government does. The Republican sort of government made up of the agents who complete the convictions and the interests of most of the residents speaking to it. Both the Democrats and the Republicans make up the republic, the two gatherings, the Democrats, the Republicans cast many fluctuated feelings, and hence they structure groups. James Madison likewise proposes that the structure of the Republican type of government can shield the privileges of the minority and the privileges of t

Comparative Literature Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Similar Literature Paper - Essay Example Individuals from everywhere throughout the world wish to set out the â€Å"land of milk and honey†, just to discover that there are as yet huge difficulties they need to face to acquire that slippery â€Å"milk and honey†. More than anecdotes about destitution, their revolting house and their families, A Raisin in the Sun by Lorraine Hansberry and The House on Mango Street by Sandra Cisneros are comparative from various perspectives as these weave stories about tough ladies (both foreigner ladies of shading) as they stand up to their lives in the US together with their families. They will show their mental fortitude and manufacture colossal solidarity to overcome the difficulties they need to confront. They should demonstrate something, for themselves, however for their families too. Looking at the two expositions, we could nearly smell the characters’ prosperity as they will undoubtedly resolve the different clashes that they face. In the previous a quarter century, the field of women’s movement history in the United States has changed itself from a minor disciplinary field to a significant method of understanding one of the biggest twentieth century themes for the sociologies by and large: the portability of individuals and its effect upon the relationship of sexes. Truth be told, the investigation of ladies settlers has additionally filled in as a significant connector between conventional trains and fields of request in the United States (Schneider, 2003). The two stories by Hansberry and Cisneros, by chance by ladies as well, weaves an exhibit of what worker ladies need to confront living in the US. The consistent idea that ties these stories is the difficulties they face as minority ladies in America as they search for their own place in an obscure nation; and look for the freedom and opportunity from lives eased back somewhere near servitude. Not just these ladies exhibit the varying threats numerous ladies face as they are seen as the second rate sex, however they additionally try to override the segregation brought about by the shade of their

How Extroversion in Personality Influences Behavior

How Extroversion in Personality Influences Behavior Theories Personality Psychology Print How Extroversion in Personality Influences Behavior By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on September 29, 2019 Portra Images / Taxi / Getty Images More in Theories Personality Psychology Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Behavioral Psychology Cognitive Psychology Developmental Psychology Social Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology In the big 5 theory of personality, extroversion (often known as extraversion) is one of the five core traits believed to make up human personality. Extroversion is characterized by sociability, talkativeness, assertiveness, and excitability. People who are high in extroversion tend to seek out social stimulation and opportunities to engage with others. These individuals are often described as being full of life, energy, and positivity. In group situations, extroverts (extraverts) are likely to talk often and assert themselves. Introverts, on the other hand, are people who are low in extroversion. They tend to be quiet, reserved and less involved in social situations. It is important to note that introversion and shyness are not the same things. People low in extroversion are not afraid of social situations, they simply prefer to spend more time alone and do not need as much social stimulation. Extroverts are often unfairly pegged as overly-talkative or attention-seeking. In reality, they simply gain energy from engaging in social interaction. People who are high in extroversion need social stimulation to feel energized. They gain inspiration and excitement from talking and discussing ideas with other people. 1:33 Signs You May Be An Extrovert Common Extroversion Traits Extroversion is often marked by a number of different sub-traits. Some include: WarmthSeeking novelty and excitementGregariousnessAssertivenessCheerfulnessTalkativenessEnjoys being the center of attentionAction-orientedFriendlyEngaging Causes of Extroversion The exact reason why people tend to be more extroverted or more introverted has been the subject of considerable debate and research in psychology. As with many such debates, the question tends to boil down to two key contributors: nature or nurture. Extroversion clearly has a strong genetic component. Twin studies suggest that genetics contribute somewhere between 40 and 60 percent of the variance between extroversion and introversion.Environment can also have an impact. Sibling studies have suggested that individual experiences  carry greater weight than do shared experiences in families.Variability in this trait may be linked to differences in cortical arousal. Extroverts tend to need more external stimulation while introverts tend to become stimulated very easily, according to some researchers, including Hans Eysenck. Extroversion and Behavior How does extroversion impact our behavior? Researchers have found that being high in this personality trait is linked to a number of different tendencies. In addition to contributing to our personalities, this trait may also play a role in the type of career that we end up choosing. According to researchers, extroversion is associated with leadership behavior. Since extroverts are more likely to assert themselves in groups, it makes sense that these individuals often take on leadership roles when working with other people. Research has also shown that extroverts are less likely to experience anxiety over negative feedback. Those high in extroversion are often described as having a very positive outlook on life as well as being friendly, energetic, and highly adaptable. All of these tendencies can serve a person well, particularly in certain social situations. As you might imagine, high levels of extroversion can be particularly well suited to jobs that require a great deal of interaction with other people. Teaching, sales, marketing, public relations, and politics are all jobs in which an extrovert might do well. Introverts prefer less social interaction so jobs that require lots of independent work are often ideal. Writing, computer programming, engineering, and accounting are all jobs that might appeal to a person low in extroversion. How Common Is Extroversion? While it might seem like everyone in your circle of friends and acquaintances is more extroverted than you, recent research actually indicates that extroversion is less common than previously thought. In a study published in Psychological Science, researchers found that extroverts tend to be overrepresented in social networks. Because outgoing, popular people tend to have a lot of friends, they are disproportionately represented in social networks. “If you’re more extraverted, you may really have a skewed view of how extraverted other people are in general,” explained researcher Daniel C. Feiler of Dartmouth University. “If you’re very introverted you might actually have a pretty accurate idea.” The researchers also suggested that there are two key factors that determine who people become friends with. Extroverts tend to be very sociable, making them more likely to form new friendships than introverts. People also tend to form friendships with people with similar levels of extroversion as themselves. While extroverts are more likely to become friends with other extroverts, introverts tend to forge relationships with both introverts and extroverts. To extroverts, it seems like most people are also extroverted because that personality trait is overrepresented among their group of friends and acquaintances. Introverts, however, might have a better grasp of the true structure of social networks. 5 Signs You Might Be an Extrovert

Ethics in Marketing Essay - 275 Words

Ethics in Marketing (Essay Sample) Content: Can marketing influence consumers decisions? If so, is marketing ethical? Name of StudentInstitution of Learning Can marketing influence consumers decisions? If so, is marketing ethical?The concept of marketing has attracted many definitions, making it difficult to have a common understanding of what the terminology entails (Kotler and Armstrong, 2015). However, by examining the various definitions, marketing can be conceptualized as a management function that aims at reaching to customers to identify their needs and wants with a view of developing or providing products and services that meet those needs and wants at a profit (Honeycutt, Ford, and Simintiras, 2003). Kotler and Armstrong (2015) argue that, promotion, which is part of the marketing activities, aims at informing, persuading, and reminding customers about the products that would satisfy their needs and wants. The role of marketing is not limited to identifying and providing the right products at the rig ht time, but also includes persuading customers to buy (Honeycutt, Ford, and Simintiras, 2003). According to Honeycutt, Ford, and Simintiras (2003), persuasion is a mind control game, and marketers employ persuasive tactics to woo customers to their stores.In considering whether marketing is ethical or not, it can be argued that such a question can partially be understood from the customers perspective. For example, if a customer is persuaded to purchase a product, which they are pleased with, then marketing can be credited with helping the customer in getting the right product to satisfy his or her need (Kotler and Armstrong, 2015). On the other hand, if marketing efforts are geared towards increasing company profits and customers finds they were persuaded to buy products they do not need, marketing can be considered as an unethical. For example, it is argued that a good salesperson can sell ice to an Eskimo (Honeycutt, Ford, and Simintiras, 2003). Such an approach would be unethic al for any contemporary marketing approach as it tries to persuade a customer to buy something they do not require. Sadly, most salespersons might try the trick to achieve their sales targets.In conclusion, marketing aims at me...

The Discussing Of Michael Porters Strategies Business Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1205 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? Michael Porters article discusses strategies on competitive advantage and profitability to be used in the market. Market or else competitive environment and successful position in it requires competitive advantage. Basically what that means is for company being positioned in the marked faster than competitive companies and this also requires strategy. Value. Company must create value by activities as Porter identified as a value chain. Competitive advantage generates when company delivers benefits for its customers may be same as other companies but for example for lover cost or they deliver better advantages. This actually allows company to establish higher value for customers and higher profits for company. Regarding to operations of logistics the Pepsi and Coca Cola possess are similar or same. They have their own ingredients, which they purchase based on contracts and in their own facilities then they produce their own concentrate. As a follow on o perations they ship their concentrate to bottlers where they use bottling company. Bottling company after they receive the concentration, they add correct amount of sugar, carbonated water and mix it to the correct concentration and than they bottle it for sale. Commonly these companies have contracted as less as possible bottling companies. This was basically done in order for bottlers to meet the concentrate producers demand and also to decrease shipping prices, and better ability for delivery. There are two important reasons for this procedure. Protection of their well-kept secret and which is particular mix of ingredients and protect the secret from bottlers that what exactly goes into their product. This protects high value of it, which also supports the image of the product. For Pepsi and Coca Cola this also represents a sense of prestige to the other products with its excellent secrets. ÂÂ   Â Cash registers technology and its automation allow Pepsi and Coke and b ottling company to know exactly what amount of their product each element possesses. This strategy also allows sellers to sell more products and makes easy delivery of it in smooth timely procedure. Rareness. The rareness of a specific resource depends describes combination of physical rareness/uniqueness in the market or the rareness of the value of the resource caused by firms particular resource combination. Coca cola used to be one of the top companies over other soft drinks and has come up with many different types of favor at the inception of the business that would include sport drinks, bottled water and teas. Now both Coca cola and Pepsi with the constant growing allow now other vendors to contact in and have some opportunities to be a part of the companies. In regard to rareness the only rare component is the syrup that is artificial by the main corporations, which is then sold to the rest of the vendors. Coca-Cola and Pepsi used numerous technologies in order t o achieve rise to the top of the soft drink industry, and they also defined new technologies and established paradigms that popped the status quo like a cap from a soda bottle. ÂÂ   Through technology, Coca-Cola and Pepsi both perfected their drinks as a beverage and spread it over the world. Today, the US industry of soft drink is organized based on this principle. The Coca-Cola and Pepsi are now the largest companies in the world with their soft drinks. Imitability. Imitability evaluates capacity of value of resource of competitive advantage and its extend. If other firms that face a cost disadvantage because they do not possess these resources in obtaining or developing the resources, then the resources are imitable. Imitability is decsribed in two ways: duplication and substitution. These two main players dominate carbonated soft drinks (CSDs) sector. Coke and Pepsi are dominant companies of the soft drink industry and they have a pride to hold most part of a globa l market share. Additionally to these major players, there are also smaller companies such as Cott Corporation and Royal Crown that hold remaining market share. Coke and Pepsi are the main players of this market. Over a century they struggle to conquer the number one position in the market, and in last few years they compete fiercely to follow each others strategic decisions. However there is something that seems to threaten the profitability of these two companies. One thing seems to be able to decrease their high margins and that is increasing share of non-carbonated soft drinks since they rule in the CSDs industry. In regard to this, what will the future of Coke and Pepsi be? How will bottlers and Concentrate Producers (CPs) face this new challenge? Organization. Organization evaluates the fact how the firm is organized in order to utilize its resources and capabilities. Evaluation also includes companys components, which are reporting structure, systems of management controls, informational management and compensation policies. . These companies both perform close monitoring of the organizational structure, physical resources employees routine and financial performance. With these, the organizational function is to correctly formulate their tasks, organization, and guideline. Their managers delegate duties and tasks to the rest of the holders around the world. The organizations provide positive concert and output of their human resource division since it is their most important source for always being on top of the competition by always reading through to see if there is large amount of capable and knowledgeable employees. Staff is the most important assets of the corporations. Accomplishing assignments offers opportunities for the staff to strengthen their abilities and creates agreement. HR operates in various means as tactical associateÂÂ  forÂÂ  coca-cola. The motto right people in right places allows them to meet up company s goals and objectives. Globally, it was not easy for the company to operate successfully. However role and operations of dedicated HR department made the tough job easier for them. For driving the company on their way to success it is always about the creative manpower their performances. Job analysis is the process where sort of person who will be appointing for it must be here selected for these tasks skills including the job. Job description and job specification are two criteria of job analysis. This analysis is recognized by HR department of Coca Cola where they try to gather information regarding workers behavior performance and their working standards. This information is used by HR department to recruit, to select, to train people and for developing relationship between them. Â Health and safety should be a big issue in terms of any organization, so coca-cola HR department very strictly follows this policy under continuous observation. Recommendation to coca cola management. Due to specific concentration of coca cola on older generations I would recommend to widen its portfolio and include the strategy where focus would be on entire spectrum of customers. Also I would recommend pursuing a multi-pronged marketing strategy, including growth into geographic regions like Russia, China, and Turkey. Another recommendation would be leverage of the Company assets by brand extension into water-based, slightly sweetened refreshment drinks to meet more health-conscious consumers. Furthermore, the fact that company purchases concentrates and syrups and its entire requirement from Coca-Cola Trademark Beverages (which involves 90% of its total sales volume), could cause adverse impact on the companys future operation if a conflict of interest between the two companies would have arise. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Discussing Of Michael Porters Strategies Business Essay" essay for you Create order

Essay about Deception in Shakespeares Taming of the Shrew

Analytical Essay Year 10 English In the Shakespearian play: The Taming of the Shrew, deception is one of the major concepts. A tangled web is created in the play through deception of character behavior and the change between clothing and class. Most of the deception in the play have particular motives behind them and create dramatic irony. Shakespeare has used dramatic irony to create a comedic play. Character deception in The Taming of the Shrew is used largely, and Lucentio one of the main characters in the play uses deception throughout some of the first few acts. Lucentio, upon seeing the beauty of Bianca ‘falls in love at first sight’ and wishes to conjure a plan to woo her. Tranio (Lucentio’s best-friend) assists†¦show more content†¦Another clear example of character deception in The Taming of the Shrew is Petruchio’s deception of Katherine. Petruchio pretends that he loves Katherine so much, that he cannot allow her to eat his inferior food or sleep in his poorly made bed; all in the name of ‘love’. â€Å"That bate and beat will not be obedient. She eat no meat today, not none shall eat; last night she slept not, nor tonight she shall not,† (Act IV Scene I The Taming of the Shrew). The motive for Petruchio’s deception of Katherine is that he wishes to tame her. Katherine is the ‘shrew’ of the play and has needed to be tamed-not through violence or words; but by actions of ‘love’. All the character deception in The Taming of the Shrew creates dramatic irony. Dramatic irony involves the reader/audience knowing something about what’s happening in the plot, about which the character(s) has/have no knowledge. Dramatic irony can be used in comedic plays, such as this one to engage the reader/audience. Throughout the play, characters are may be oblivious to recognising the truth, however, the reader/audience can sympathise with this character because the reader/audience knows the true motives of the circumstance. The characters mentioned earlier create examples of dramatic irony. Lucentio disguises himself as Cambio; Bianca’s Latin Tutor, little does Bianca or Baptista (Bianca and Katherine’s father) know aboutShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Shakespeare s Taming Of The Shrew And Twelfth Night 702 Words   |  3 Pagesthe many factors that William Shakespeare implements throughout all of his comedic plays is the element of disguise and trickery. This element is shown through his works of As You Like It, Taming of the Shrew, and Twelfth Night. The primary purpose for using disguise and trickery is for deceit. The deception involved with changing characters’ identities is used for momentary gain. In the end, the concluding outcome of such deceit leads to exposure of a higher truth. The characters most closelyRead MoreShakespeares Presentation of the Female Character in the Taming of the Shrew1503 Words   |  7 PagesShakespeares Presentation of the Female Character in the Taming of the Shrew Shakespeare’s Taming of the Shrew explores the role of women in Elizabethan times. Shakespeare uses many themes and imagery in the play and this essay intends to explore how Shakespeare presents the female character in the Taming of the Shrew. The Elizabethans believed that a peaceful and tamed house wife was a good wife. This view is supported by The goodie and the Baddie an ElizabethanRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Othello, And Taming Of The Shrew1684 Words   |  7 PagesOthello, and Taming of the Shrew, similar relationships between the male and female lead characters are displayed and emphasized to bring large meaning to each of the texts. It is these relationships between fathers and daughters, as well as husbands and wives that form to progress the plots of each play. Through these bold and sometimes fatal relationships, Shakespeare portrays a domino effect that each of the female leads put into play through their actions. In the Shakespeare’s tragedy OthelloRead MoreThemes Of The Taming Of The Shrew 2145 Words   |  9 PagesThemes in The Taming Of The Shrew â€Å"How and why the themes have changed over time from Shakespeare’s time to modern day themes.† Themes shown: Love, social roles and societies expectations and deception. The text â€Å"The Taming of The Shrew† and â€Å"Ten Things I Hate About You† share a variety of different themes, ranging from love to deception and money. The themes within both stories have shown how society has evolved with its values with things like money and power. Men during the Shakespearian timesRead MoreContext Taming of the Shrew1767 Words   |  8 PagesThe Taming of the Shrew is one of Shakespeare’s earliest comedies, and it shares many essential characteristics with his other romantic comedies, such as Much Ado About Nothing and A Midsummer Night’s Dream. These characteristics include light-hearted and slapstick humor, disguises and deception, and a happy ending in which most of the characters come out satisfied. The light-heartedness of these romantic comedies contrasts sharply with the darker humor and deeper characterization of Shakespeare’sRead MoreLying And Deception By William Shakespeare1510 Words   |  7 Pages Lying and d eception have been present throughout all of human history. People lie about who they are, what they think, etc. Over the centuries the reasons for lying have stayed the same. When lying and deceiving people have always looked for some kind of reward, it can be money, fame or simply to avoid conflict. However, the methods we use to lie have changed with the creation of the internet. Even though, Shakespeare’s time period had very different views on lying that those today, his book, TheRead MoreDeceit in The Taming of the Shrew by William Shakespeare Essay1671 Words   |  7 PagesDeceit in The Taming of the Shrew by William Shakespeare ‘The Taming of the Shrew’ is a play written by William Shakespeare, an English playwright and poet born in 1564. It was first performed in 1593 in Shakespeare’s first period as a playwright. It was later published for the first time in 1623, seven years after Shakespeare’s death. Despite the fact that Shakespeare is mostly known for his tragedian plays, here in ‘The Taming of the Shrew’, he proves that he wasRead MoreWilliam Shakespeares The Taming of the Shrew as a Comedy Essay2463 Words   |  10 PagesWilliam Shakespeares The Taming of the Shrew as a Comedy The Taming of the Shrew, written by William Shakespeare between 1589 and 1594, is a romantic comedy set in the Italian city of Padua. Since the play was written, the audiences idea of comedy has changed quite dramatically. In the fifteen hundreds, an audience would have enjoyed obvious, visual aspects of comedy such as we would see in a modern-day pantomime, whereas an audience watching the play today would also Read MoreThe Taming of the Shrew: Psychological Masks918 Words   |  4 PagesIn the play, The Taming of the Shrew, by William Shakespeare, there is a recurring theme of people hiding their real identity. First, there are cases of deception, such as Tranio pretending to be Lucentio, Lucentio pretending to be a Latin tutor, Hortensio pretending to be a music tutor. More complex than these obvious examples of deception are Shakespeare’s clever uses of psychological masks. Several characters in the play take on roles that do not agree with their personalities. The psychologicalRead More Essay on Taming of the Shrew: Deciphering Kate’s Shrewish Character1594 Words   |  7 PagesThe Taming of the Shrew:   Deciphering Kate’s Shrewish Character  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Taming of the Shrew is one of Shakespeares most popular plays. It is both a witty and complex play with characters that are appealing and believable drawn from life and based on a keen understanding of human nature. One can see this in the main character of the play, the shrew Katherine. The reasons for Kates shrewd behavior as well as her tameness have puzzled Critics and Shakespearean scholars for ages.

China s Transformation As A Transformation - 879 Words

China has undergone dramatic change in the past few decades. In contrast to its isolation from the international community in the 50s and 60s, China today is not only a member of virtually every international organization but even has the potential power to question and reshape the structure and norms of the institutions it has joined. No other country has undergone as total a transformation as has China during the last quarter of the twentieth century. The great change could be traced back to 1978 when Deng Xiaoping and his associates launched a reform that has changed the country in all spheres. Under Deng’s leadership, a step-by-step opening policy was introduced concurrently. The government shifted the economic strategy to emphasize the production of goods to sale abroad; five special economic zones were established as means of encouraging foreign investment; the country has joined a large number of UN-affiliated institutions that are setting the ground rules of the 21st c entury in respect of open trade arrangements, security partnerships, arms control regime, war against terrorism, environmental preservation, and defense of human rights (though not without conservation). It is amazing just to learn how much China has changed over this period, but it is also interesting to ask, why did China, a communist country long committed to Maoist autarky, decided to open up to the Western world where social structures and ideology are so fundamentally different? What were some ofShow MoreRelatedChina s Become A Global Superpower And Its Transformation From A Development Aid Recipients767 Words   |  4 Pagesin Chinese Language and Literature. Even after completing my Master s degree in China I could not see the practical use of my studies. However, now I think it has become my strength to comprehend Chinese Language and culture as a student who seeks to research on the International Studies related to China as a Ph.D. candidate. During my study in China, I witnessed China’s emergence as a global superpower and its transformation from a development aid recipient to a donor country. This particularlyRead MoreThe Rise Of The Chinese Economy1441 Words   |  6 Pagesinternational economy. One such location is China, which experienced a major shift from a society revolved around independent sustenance in the agricultural industry into a society revolved around socialism, direct funding for the Chinese government through the Chinese people, and the mass-production of goods with high demand in the global market by co-operatives. Of course, the changes in the workings of the Chinese economy developed from the changes in the politics of China. On the 1st of October 1949, TheRead MoreThe Impact Of Poplar Plantation On The World s Largest Tree Species Essay1565 Words   |  7 Pagestree species that is highly amenable to vegetative propagation (Jiaxing et al. 2014), it has a rapid growth rate, which is a good model system for the transformation of woody plant species (Ali-Movahedi et al.2014). These trees are highly beneficial to our environment; their oxygen plays a vital role in the protection of soil erosion in eastern China. They are used as habitat for wildlife, soil carbon sequestration, and phytoremediation. They are able to grow in lowland and highland forestation (BerndRead MoreThe Government Must Maintain Crucial Relationships With The Society1135 Words   |  5 Pages The government must maintain crucial relationships with the society. The leaders uphold the basic rights by guaranteeing people s security and equitable distribution of resources. The Chinese government has implemented several policies that enabled the cooperation between the state and the social organizations. The social organizations, such as NGOs, have a significant role in connecting the state and the society and in enhancing their relationship. They are the extensions of the governmentRead MoreChina, South Korea And Japan864 Words   |  4 PagesChina, South Korea and Japan are three countries which represent successful policies in reversing their economy from central to advanced in a short period of time. These countries are smaller pieces of a puzzle and they compete with the rest of Asia by forming a strong picture. After participating in wars like WWII and the Korean War, China, South Korea, and Japan make a very powerful triangular force that stands for change and the development of a new policy in economy, society and governments.Read MoreJap A Economic Power1184 Words   |  5 PagesJapan s second period of economic development began, millions of former soldiers joined a well-disciplined and highly educated work force to rebuild Japan.† (Ohno, 2006) As you can see, war was the ashes of the economic phoenix that would grow from it. It paved the way for the growth of Japan in an economical sense. Right after the war, many investments were devoted to rebuilding lost industry including: electric, coal, iron, steel, and chemical fertilizer. (Ohno, 2006) By the mid-to-late 1950’s, manufacturingRead MoreThe Decline Of The Industrial Revolution1462 Words   |  6 Pagesglobal economy fr om 1500. Previously China had been at the heart of the international trade yet it did not industrialise first. The economic and societal transformations which occurred in Britain in the period spanning 1770 to 1900 resulted in the formation of the modern capitalist economy. A model replicated in other parts of the world through replication, in the US for instance or forcibly implemented on the population, for example Russia in the 1920s and china in the 1960s. The reasons for theirRead MoreImpact of Globalization on Non Western Culture Essay1387 Words   |  6 Pagesleads to a greater interdependence and mutual awareness among the people of the world (Tischler, 2011, 2007, p. 430). One non-Western culture that has been impacted by globalization is China. An example of the impact of globalization on China is their economy. Since joining the World Trade Organization, China has transformed from a culture that relied on economic self-sufficiency and shunned the thought of globalization to an economy that is progressively more open to trade and foreign investmentRead MoreIndia s Issue Of Kashmir1558 Words   |  7 Pagessupporting them by providing materials as well as financial backing (Schofield, V. 2000). The war between Pakistan and India in 1965 and 1999 see also (Bose, S. 2009) has shown that India and Pakistan are increasing their military power and facing the challenges. On the other hand, China is behind the Pakistan. So India is worrying if USA and China extend their support to Pakistan and Pakistan prepares to attack Kashmir. Indian central politics are also responsible for improving Kashmir case. SoniaRead MoreChina s Economic Growth With Capacity And Influence941 Words   |  4 PagesSince the 1980 s China is a develop country that never stop until now, and will rise to dominate the world in the Twenty First Century. China has a big potential geographic realm, population and natural resource which not else has in the world. Based in China s economic miracle from oriented economy to open market it is presented a transitions economy with more orderly, established, and accommodating that could have been imagined for all of us. It started from zero economy level and will grow may

Leadership Styles And Activism Of African American Women

When asked to identify important leaders of the civil rights movement, the name that most often comes to one’s mind is Martin Luther King Jr. Others may mention James Forman, Ralph Abernathy, Fred Shuttlesworth, James Farmer, Andrew Young, or Bayard Rustin. Notably missing are the names of women leaders. Rarely would Ella Baker, Septima Clark, Gloria Richardson, Daisy Bates, or Fannie Lou Hamer be identified. The absence of the women leaders of the civil rights movement from history is not because there were not any, but because the type of leadership they performed is often overlooked in favor of the men leaders, due in part to gender bias. This paper will examine the leadership styles and activism of African-American women in the civil rights movement in comparison to the more widely-known and prominent male leaders. It challenges the notion that aside from a few well-known leaders, African-American women’s roles in the movement consisted solely of behind-the-scenes and unimportant clerical work that is incomparable to male leadership. By examining what constitutes leadership, this paper concludes that while some African-American women activists may exhibit typical leadership styles parallel to male leaders, many others carried out leadership in atypical forms. The assorted types of leadership and activism African-American women contributed to the movement are determined to be on the same level of influence as the male leaders’ contributions. What is Leadership? As aShow MoreRelatedAfrican American Women And The Civil Rights Movement1811 Words   |  8 Pagesthough African American women have played vital roles in social justice movements, they are often overshadowed because of their gender. Only a few organizations like Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) gave more access for female leadership. But more often than none, women had informal positions of leadership. Because of gender norms in the 1960’s, society was resistant toward women in power and leadership, especially African American ones. Even though African American women had theRead MoreSojourner Truth And Garvey For African American Rights1448 Words   |  6 PagesOften times, women are excluded from history books and historical primary document sources. Women have just as much to say, if not more than men, especially during times where they were denied basic rights. Sojourner Truth, Amy Garvey, and Ella Baker were all African American activists for human rights; Truth and Garvey for women’s rights and Baker for African American rights. Each woman brings a new perspective to the movements and has great reasoning. During a time when women weren’t allowed toRead MoreEssay on Anna Julia Cooper2476 Words   |  10 Pagesopportunities for studying the developments in African-American and Ameri can life during the century following emancipation. Like W.E.B. DuBois, C oopers life is framed by especially momentous years in U.S. history: the final years of slavery and the climactic years of the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s. Coopers eclect ic and influential career mirrored the times. Although her life was privileged in relation to those of the majority of African-Americans, Cooper shared in the experiences of wrenchingRead MoreHip Hop : The Rise Of The Post Hip Rap Generation1168 Words   |  5 PagesIn this article, Asante predicts that the post-hip-hop generation will embrace social justice issues including women’s rights, gay’s rights, and the anti-war movement. To challenge these stereotypes, Asante speaks to the personification of the African-American ghetto and the need to stop glorifying black suffering. For Asante, the post-hip-hop generation no longer expects hip-hop to mobilize disenfranchised youth. Asante states, â€Å"The post-hip-hop generation shouldn’t wait for mainstream musicians toRead MoreThe Impact Of Contemporary Uk On New Zealand Essay1728 Words   |  7 Pagesthroughout history have different yet related ways to deal with inequality and discrimination issues that occur through diverse people existing in close proximity. From social movements focusing on womens rights, civil rights, anti-slavery and indigenous rights, to modern diversity such as disability activism and managing diversity in the workplace, it is apparent that this issue of managing diversity is an ongoing encounter. Looking at the 2013 Census published by Statistics New Zealand (2013), weRead MoreElla Baker and the Black Freedom Movement Essay2896 Words   |  12 Pagestransitions of both African Americans and society as a whole, specifically during the tumultuous decade of the 1960s. In contrast to other leading activists of her day, Baker fervently believed that true leaders rose up from the poor masses to a position of power, and as such she often made special efforts to reach out to the poorest of working class people, as a â€Å"fundi†, a teacher and mentor, to bring them into the movement in some capacity. This was her signature style of leadership. 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Among these were Johann Ludwig Krapf, Johann Rebman, and Jacob Erhadt. As the missionaries established themselves on the mainland, they started schools as a means of converting Africans to Christianity. The missionariesRead MoreGil Scott Heron : The Godfather Of Rap1972 Words   |  8 Pagesassured the nation â€Å"our long national nightmare is over.† He may have spoken too soon. The early 1970s were a bleak time for black America. So much hope had died with the assassination of Martin Luther King. When Malcolm X was, in turn, shot dead, the leadership of the struggle for equality was seized by the paramilitary Black Panthers, and violence became its hallmark. There were riots in cities across the United States and brutal encounters with the police. Much has been written about the state of theRead MoreEssay Eleanor Roosevelt5218 Words   |  21 PagesELEANOR ROOSEVELT: A LIFE OF LEADERSHIP Introduction The legacy of Eleanor Roosevelt is essentially contested. To many, her role as First Lady, delegate to the UN, Democratic Party member, humanitarian and social activist immortalized her as the conscience of the nation. However critics - deriding her as a gadfly and an unfit woman - cite many flaws in her leadership capacity. Roosevelt was never elected to office. She was reluctant to assume the responsibilities of being the First

Steps to Take to Improve the Quality of your Essay Free Essays

So, you’ve mastered the basics of essay writing (with the aid of our other helpful guides!). How do you go from so-so to superThis guide will help you improve your essay’s quality with some easy-to-follow hints and top tips. The most effective ways to improve are to assess your grammar, check your structure and make sure your reasoning is sound. We will write a custom essay sample on Steps to Take to Improve the Quality of your Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Grammar The key to improving your grammar is practice. Improve your work through reading, through writing and through getting feedback from others. Here are some points you should consider †¦ Check (or get a friend to check) your syntax: the way your sentence is structured. A badly organised sentence can be very hard to understand. Use the correct tense. The present tense should be used for author’s opinions (in most cases). Sometimes the future tense is used in introductions, but it can be better to use the present tense here also Ensure you use prepositions correctly. Prepositions are words such as ‘on’, ‘of’ ‘from’ etc. which denote the position and movement of the nouns. Make sure you understand how to properly use colons and semi-colons, and if you don’t understand, leave them out. Also learn how to use commas correctly. The most commonly misused punctuation mark is the apostrophe. Make sure you understand when it should and shouldn’t be used. Remove unnecessary words. Try to use a simple style in which each word used is necessary. In academic writing you should not use colloquial or informal words and phrases. Watch out for over-long sentences. Start new sentences where it’s appropriate. Remove inappropriate capitals in the middle of sentences. Only proper names and proper nouns should be capitalised. Limit your use of metaphor and other ‘poetic’ devices, or remove them altogether. Finally, proof-read several times. If you can, get an academically-inclined friend to proof read as well. Structure It’s been suggested that poor structure is one of the most common reasons for poor marks for essays.Refer to our other guides on essay writing, but remember to use the ‘introduction – main body – conclusion’ structure, and ensure that the main body is clearly organised and that your ideas ‘flow’ well. Correct referencing is also important. Not only must you reference every point you make in the essay, you need also to use the right referencing system as dictated by your tutor. Note that Harvard and other systems have several variations, so if unsure ask! Reasoning Make sure the points you make follow logically. Understand how an argument works, that is, how you provide evidence for the things you want to say. Ask yourself, does this sentence follow from the previous oneHave I given the reader enough evidence What possible objections are there to this statement Don’t make sweeping generalisations if you can’t back them up with empirical evidence or theoretical models. Similarly, make it clear when you are speculating, and restrict the occasions upon which you do this. Avoid indirect assumptions. That is, be aware of your own prejudices and try to eliminate them from your writing. A List of Checks Before you Submit Is the title correct, that is have you used the title you were given – and all of it Is there an introduction, where you identify the topic and state what you are going to sayHave you defined your key terms Is there enough referencingAll the points made should be referenced. Make sure you are using the correct referencing style. Also make sure that you don’t use too many direct quotations, and where you do use them you should mention the page number. Is each main idea in a separate paragraph Does the essay ‘flow’, with each paragraph following logically from the next Does your conclusion summarise the main body and tie findings back to the main question Are you conforming to any layout instructions given by your tutor (font size, spacing and so on) Bibliography De Montford University (2013) ‘Focus on Essay Writing’, [online] (cited 14th February 2013) available from www.library.dmu.ac.uk/Images/CLASS/Essay writing.pdf Loughborough University (2013) ‘Essay Writing’, [online] (cited 14th February 2013) http://www.lboro.ac.uk/service/ltd/campus/essaywr.pdf University of Essex (2013) ‘How to Improve your Academic Writing’, [online] (cited 14th February 2013) available from http://www.essex.ac.uk/myskills/How_to_improve_your_academic_writing.pdf University of Glasgow (2013) ‘Coursework’, [online] (Cited 14th February 2013) available from http://www.gcu.ac.uk/student/coursework/essays/ University of Nottingham (2013) ‘Writing Essays’, [online] (Cited 14th February 2013) available from http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/philosophy/documents/ug/essay-guidelines.pdf How to cite Steps to Take to Improve the Quality of your Essay, Essay examples

Merrill Lynch in Japan Case Study Essay Example For Students

Merrill Lynch in Japan Case Study Essay Merrill Lynch in Japan Case Study Merrill Lynch is an investment banking business and the world’s largest underwriter of debt and equity. Merrill Lynch’s investment banking operations has had a long global reach and is looking to reside in Japan. In this paper I will describe the legal, cultural, and ethical challenges that may confront Merrill Lynch in this case study as well as the various roles that the Japanese government will play and examine some of the strategic and operational challenges that faced the global managers (Hill, 2009). Japan’s efforts to regulate its economy failed. Japan’s restraining regulations made it almost impossible for Merrill Lunch to offer its Japanese private clients the range of services that they could offer in the United States. Due to Japan’s four stockbrokerages, who customarily monopolized the Japanese market, made it complicated to attract employee talent and clients away from the local businesses. The Japanese government controlled what services could be purchased from private international firms and would not permit Japanese citizens to invest in financial services outside the Japanese country. In 1993, Merrill Lynch admitted defeat and pulled out of Japan. Due to its legal and cultural regulations, Merrill Lynch knew they could not beat Japan’s government regulations. Merrill Lynch looked at the private client business from an ethical viewpoint and did not want to go against the Japanese government in anticipation of expanding globally in Japan in the future. The role of the Japanese government was primarily to protect themselves from private foreign financial firms from controlling the Japanese market, and to build their economy from within the country. This in turn caused Japan’s economy to rapidly fail. By mid 1990’s Japan embarked on a wide-ranging deregulation of all its financial service industry (Hill, 2009). In 1997 the conditions changed under the WTO agreement permitting foreign firms to sell financial services to their national investors. Merrill Lynch was hesitating to enter Japanese market because of their previous experience within the Japanese economy, but it was apparent that this time things had changed with the open market and the vast amount of assets owned by Japanese households were too striking not take this opening. It was great timing for Merrill Lynch as there were only a small amount of other foreign contending companies and their prior experience in private client market made it even more fitting. The bankruptcy of Yamaichi Securities in 1997 was a great event for Merrill Lynch to start entering the Japanese market. The head managers at Merrill Lynch first considered a joint venture that would allow minimum spending as they had a chance to use already existing distribution system of a known Japanese bank. On the other hand they did not see their presence in the long run in the Japanese market due to this venture as a result Merrill Lynch reassessed the deal and were fortunate to take on new employees and buy out the Yamaichi’s branch offices in 1997. Merrill Lynch certainly won in this situation when launching the company’s position on the market without reporting and coordinating their moves with another Japanese company. The risk that Merrill Lynch took when functioning on their own paid off rapidly and considerably to their advantage, regarding a huge value of the assets held by the company (Hill, 2009). REFERENCES Hill, Charles W. L. (2009). Merrill Lynch in Japan. In International Business. Competing in the Global Market (7th ed. , pp. 701-702). New York, NY: McGraw –Hill.

Health And Safety Management Systems Construction Essay Example For Students

Health And Safety Management Systems Construction Essay An Occupational Health and Safety Management System ( OHSMS ) may be defined as a series of procedures which provide a model, for pull offing occupational wellness and safety ( OHS ) duties so that they become more efficient and more incorporate into overall concern operations, around which good public presentation can be established and maintained and which will back up the development of a safety civilization. ( International Labour Organisation ( ILO ) -British Standards Institution ( BSI ) Joint-Definition ) The chief purpose of the OHSM is to plan steps to command and extinguish the likeliness of jeopardies in the workplace and advance a safe work environment. Outline1 .1 Management committedness2 Management committedness and employee engagement3 .2 Health and Safety policy4 Health publicity in the workplace5 Workplace wellbeing6 Safety undertakings and responsisbilities7 Health and Safety audit and Performance reappraisal8 Safety civilization9 2.2 Health and Safety civilization10 Training for wellness and safety11 2.10 Health surveillance12 Health and Safety Committee13 2.5 Health and safety plans .1 Management committedness An effectual direction addresses all work-related jeopardies and employees public assistance installations and non merely those stipulated by Torahs. There is a demand for direction to do the wellness and safety of workers a precedence. It is indispensable that there be strong direction committedness and strong worker engagement in the attempt to make and keep a safe and healthy workplace. In each workplace, the lines of duty from top to bottom demand to be clear, and workers should cognize who is responsible for different wellness and safety issues. Management is responsible that the administration has the appropriate policies, programmes in topographic point to guarantee a healthy and safe workplace. Management committedness and employee engagement Charles reese ( accident ) Management committedness and employee are complementary. Management committedness provides the actuating force and the resources for forming and commanding activities within an organisation. Employee engagement provides the agencies through which workers develop and/or show their ain committedness to safety and wellness protection, for themselves and for their fellow workers. Safety and wellness ends and aims are besides included to help you in set uping workplace ends and aims that demonstrate your company s committedness to safety. .2 Health and Safety policy It is the duty of direction to provide for the wellness and safety of its work force. Clearly developed and concise policies set the way for the administration by pass oning direction s ends and aims. A good wellness and safety policy demand to be: 1. Specific to the administration and appropriate to its size and nature of plants ; 2. Clearly written so as to educate workers, clients, providers and general populace about the wellness and safety policy of the administration ; 3. Specific about the duty and answerability of directors and supervisors at all degrees ; 4. Efficaciously communicated to all employees ; and 3. Reviewed on a regular footing to guarantee go oning sustainability. The best wellness and safety policies align wellness and safety with human resources direction as employees are the cardinal resource of an organisation. ( HSE Successful Health and Safety Management HS ( G ) HMSO 1997 ) The OSH policy should include, as a lower limit, the following cardinal rules and aims to which the organisation is committed: 1. protecting the safety and wellness of all members of the organisation by forestalling work-related hurts, sick wellness, diseases and incidents ; 2. following with relevant OSH national Torahs and ordinances, voluntary programmes, corporate understandings on OSH and other demands to which the organisation subscribes ; 3. guaranting that workers and their representatives are consulted and encouraged to take part actively in all elements of the OSH direction system ; and .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec , .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec .postImageUrl , .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec , .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec:hover , .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec:visited , .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec:active { border:0!important; } .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec:active , .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Nuke The Bastards! A Satire Essay4. continually bettering the public presentation of the OSH direction system. ( ILO Guidelines on the Occupational Health and Safety Management System 2001 ) Health publicity in the workplace This complements occupational wellness and safety steps to better the well being of workers at the workplace. Workplace wellbeing Harmonizing to ILO, it relates to all facets of working life, from the quality and safety of the physical environment, to how workers feel about their work, their on the job environment, the clime at work and work administration. Workers good being is straight related to the productiveness of the administration. The higher the workers good being, the higher will be the productiveness of the organistion. Safety undertakings and responsisbilities Health and Safety audit and Performance reappraisal Health and Safety audit and public presentation reappraisal are the concluding stairss in the wellness and safety direction. Safety civilization 2.2 Health and Safety civilization In order to develop good wellness and safety patterns, a good wellness and safety civilization is needed at work. Employers need to integrate wellness and safety patterns in their twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours running of the concern. Successful occupational wellness and safety patterns necessitates the coaction and engagement of both employers/owners or direction and employees in wellness and safety programmes, and it involves the consideration of issues associating to occupational medical specialty, industrial hygiene, toxicology, instruction, technology safety, biotechnologies, psychological science, etc. Both workers and employers have a legal duty to look after wellness and safety at work together. Workers who contribute to wellness and safety at work, are safer and healthier than those who do non. Building and keep a wellness and safety civilization involve the usage of all available agencies to increase consciousness, cognition and apprehension of the constructs of jeopardies and hazards and how they may be prevented or controlled. The safety civilization of an organisation is the merchandise of single and group values, attitudes, perceptual experiences, competences and forms of behavior that determine the committedness to, and the manner and proficiency of, an administration s wellness and safety direction. Successful Health and Safety Management by HSE ( 2nd edition ) , pg 22 Training for wellness and safety Training means educating people on what should be done and non, how it should be done and when it should be done. Based on a study carried out by ILO, workers frequently experience work-related wellness jobs but do non recognize that the jobs are related to their work, peculiarly when an occupational disease, for illustration, is in the early phases. Hence, there is a demand to develop workers on safe manner to make the occupation, jeopardies associated with the work and how to extinguish or command them. It is besides of import to develop workers how to respond in instance of exigencies, like a fire eruption. Training on first assistance is besides of import. Training can be conducted at different degrees: 1. during initiation class for new employees where they can be educated on how to work safely and besides about the jeopardies and hazards associated with the occupations, how to extinguish or command them. 2. Training can be organized for direction and Supervisors so that they know what are the jeopardies nowadays in the workplace and this enable them to develop policies to battle these jeopardies 3. Regular preparation to bing employees, to update them on new equipment and engineerings being used. 2.10 Health surveillance Health surveillance at work is really of import. It is performed to look for early marks of sick wellness caused by substances and other jeopardies at work. It includes maintaining wellness records for persons and may include medical scrutinies and proving of blood or urine samples, so that disciplinary action can be taken. .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2 , .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2 .postImageUrl , .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2 , .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2:hover , .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2:visited , .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2:active { border:0!important; } .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2:active , .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2 .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Jack Londons To Build A Fire: Theme EssayHealth and Safety Committee 2.5 Health and safety plans For all of the grounds given above, it is important that employers, workers and brotherhoods are committed to wellness and safety and that: workplace jeopardies are controlled at the beginning whenever possible ; records of any exposure are maintained for many old ages ; both workers and employers are informed about wellness and safety hazards in the workplace ; there is an active and effectual wellness and safety commission that includes both workers and direction ; worker wellness and safety attempts are ongoing. Charles D. Reese ( 2001 ) Accident/Incident Prevention Techniques In order to efficaciously pull off safety and wellness, a company must pay attending to some critical factors: 1. policy of direction sing wellness and safety of workers 2. wellness and safety ends of the company 3. who is responsible for occupational safety and wellness 4. how are supervisors and employees held accountable for occupation safety and wellness? 5. what are the effects of non following the safety regulations 6. are at that place set processs for turn toing safety and wellness at the workplace? A written safety and wellness plan is of primary importance in turn toing these points.

Experience Hendrix - The Best of Jimi Hendrix free essay sample

Experience Hendrix The Best of Jimi Hendrixis by far the best collection of music I have ever listened to. It includes allof Hendrixs greatest performances, including Purple Haze fromWoodstock and his famous Star Spangled Banner from the Monterey PopFestival of 1979. Hendrix combined blues, funk, disco, jazz and rock fora sound that was way ahead of its time. What is more incredible than the uniquesound effects he created with his guitar is the fact that he created them withoutthe aid of pedals or electrical equipment. With Mitch Mitchell on drumsand Noel Redding shaking the floor with an intense electric bass guitar, the JimiHendrix Experience was not to be missed in its prime. This album shows just that,with hits from the late ?s to Hendrixs last performance. My favoritesong on the album is All Along the Watchtower, Hendrixs rendition ofa Bob Dylan song. In a 1967 interview Hendrix said, I felt like aAll Alongthe Watchtower was something I had written, but could never get quitetogether. We will write a custom essay sample on Experience Hendrix The Best of Jimi Hendrix or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He did, however, manage to arrange the piece in a way Bob Dylancould never have dreamed of, with a faster electric beat and a minute-long guitarsolo. Every song on the album is excellent, but this song stands out. Onereason I like this album so much is because Hendrix experiments with all kinds ofguitar styles. For example, Night Bird Flying and DollyDagger are upbeat songs in the disco/funk style, and are perfect forparties. Others, like Hey Joe, The Wind Cries Mary,Castles Made of Sand and Angel are very calm. And thenthere are the classics that Hendrix will always be remembered for. Fromfirst-timers to hardcore fans, listeners will find this album the true essence ofJimi Hendrix, and a great introduction to his music. If youre tired of listeningto the same old rock and rap, ask yourself, Have I experiencedHendrix?

Hauntington Disease Essays

Hauntington Disease Essays Hauntington Disease Essay Hauntington Disease Essay Huntington disease Name Institute Huntington Disease Introduction Shortage of information about Huntington disease (HD) and its non-clinical management inveigled me into a quest for journal articles about this comparatively rare illness. Having pored over scores of Journal of Clinical Nursing Issues, I stumbled across the article entitled â€Å"Exploring supportive care for individuals affected by Huntington disease and their family caregivers in a community setting†. It immediately arrested my attention, as it touched upon the possible implications of HD for the affected persons, their family members (including those, who could inherit the illness genetically) and caregivers. This article is a collaborative work of the three authors from the University of Plymouth, namely Beverley Soltysiak, Penny Gardiner and Heather Skirton. It was published first on 10 July, 2008. Summary of the article According to McDonald (2003), Huntington disease, formerly known as Huntington’s chorea, is a chronic neurodegenerative condition caused by a genetic mutation in the Huntingtin gene, situated on chromosome 4†. The article traverses implications and supportive care approaches to the individuals, who suffer from Huntington disease. Authors argue that different approaches should be applied to various age categories of the affected. The difference in symptoms may be subtle at first glance, but younger individuals, affected by the long-term conditions, find facilities for their senior counterparts unsuitable. : Important role in this regard belongs to the psychological aspects of the disease. People struck by HD tend to lead sedentary and recluse life. Huntington disease affects badly humans’ perception and cognition, renders their speech unintelligible, and makes them helpless to some extent in general. The far-reaching implications include unsteady gait and severe depressions, which sometimes result in strangers mistaking persons with HD for inebriates or drug abusers. It takes protracted periods of time and frenzied efforts of caregivers to jolt people ffected by Huntington disease out of the so-called â€Å"public alienation†. Authors argue that Huntington disease is debilitating in terms of its impact on the person’s physical condition, but they conclude that it is devouring person’s psychological strength even more eagerly. Sporadic outdoors activities lead to the development of the trait of standoffishness, which, in its turn, hinders the process of treatm ent. This illness is incurable, while affected people usually live no more than 30 years after the emergence of the first symptoms. However, multifarious therapies and techniques aimed at helping patients to cope with the disease are employed (physiotherapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy). A multidisciplinary approach is utilized to make sure that complex care needs are met. Research focuses in part on interviewing the afflicted people in order to understand better how to help them to deal with the problems they face every day (anxiety disorders, animosity, petulance, apathy, and obsession). Depending on their willingness to cooperate, separate persons were interviewed individually or in groups. It was found that participants with cognitive deficits or/and psychic disorders did not feel comfortable to communicate with impaired colleagues in groups, and consequently opted for individual interview or shunned it at all. The same specialists facilitated both group and individual interviews. â€Å"Data analysis was undertaken using inductive coding technique† (Miles Huberman, 1994). Interviewers point out that it was a daunting task for them to conduct the research, because cognitive problems of people with Huntington disease barred interviewers from following their train of thought. The heed was paid to the participants’ standpoint on the following themes: 1) Deciding whether to have genetic test; 2) Being given the lethal diagnosis; 3) Disclosure of information about the participant’s being diagnosed with HD; 4) Entering into serious relationship and having a child; 5) Making decisions about how to let children know of the genetic mutation; 6) Observing a family member suffer and wither from HD. Following the diagnosis of one individual, other family members are haunted by or preoccupied with the fear of having genetic mutation. Some people prefer being oblivious to this possibility, while others, prompted by the desire to obtain confidence in future, eagerly agree to undergo a genetic test. In any event, propitious outcome of a genetic test has not proved to be a precondition for sunny disposition. It failed to provide them with a necessary degree of certainty, as those, who turned out to be healthy, started to monitor themselves vigilantly for the possible appearance of symptoms. Evaluation This article provides a comprehensive study of the implications of HD and the means to address the challenges that these implications entail. The main emphasis is placed on those with HD; though, a good amount of attention is also paid to their family members, who are prone to inherit the genetic mutation, and caregivers. Bearing in mind brevity of this research and overall paucity of research into non-clinical management of HD, it would not be wise to grumble about certain details that authors failed to examine. However, I see it fit to note that more approaches of incorporating the afflicted people into the social milieu should have been developed, or at least, more thorough analysis of those listed should have been provided. In terms of interest, I would give this article eight points out of ten. On the plus side, it is laced with excerpts from the interviews, which enable the readers to take a closer look at the problem. Moreover, authors managed to construe the material without abusing the buzzwords. This makes the article flow easily and renders it readable to a broad audience. Given the scarcity of knowledge about this area of health assessment, there are no slightest doubts that further research into this area should be carried out. Many gaps still are due to be filled. Some of the possible directions of research were mentioned above. The information highlighted in this article would be of an utmost importance to the family members of people with HD and those, who take care of these people. Hospital staff could also defer to some advice put forward by Soltysiak et al. This article constitutes a precious groundwork for the researchers, who are interested in this particular area. Conclusion People affected by Huntington disease have to address a series of challenges in everyday life. It should be noted that neither these very people, nor their relatives, lead ordinary life after a family member has een diagnosed with HD. Huntington disease seriously undermines person’s physical and psychological well-being, with psychological effects having far greater scopes. Reluctance of the affected persons to engage in social activities exacerbated by their distorted vision of the world hampers the process of treatment. There is no efficient treatment at all; though, a number of therapies were developed to extenuate the implications. The problem is that at the same time as people with HD need outdoors activities to muster stamina, they also need to muster stamina to go outdoors. By and large, individuals prone to HD feel frustrated at the lack of information about HD held by health professors. References MacDonald, M. E. , Gines, S. , Gusella, J. F. Wheeler, V. C. (2003). Huntington’s disease. Neuromolecular Medicine, 4. Miles, M. , Huberman, A. (1994). Qualitative data analysis – an expanded sourcebook. (2nded. ). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. Soltysiak, B. , Gardiner, P. , Skirton, H. (2008). Exploring supportive care for individuals affected by Huntington disease and their family caregivers in a community setting. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 17, 7b, 226-234.

M3A1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

M3A1 - Essay Example Emotional intelligence, therefore, offers a way in which managers working in different cultural settings than their own can adapt and achieve success in their new setting. For example, Deirdre who works as a broadcast director for a London-based company was tasked to ensure all units adopt a single negotiating strategy. Instead of fighting it out with the managers who resisted this change, she had one-on-one meetings to find out their reasons for resisting. Later, she shared ideas with them and revised her negotiating methods to incorporate the approaches the managers had found successful. The managers chose to co-operate other than resist. An effective leader exhibits five components of emotional intelligence. These are self-awareness, self-regulation, empathy, social skills and motivation (Hofstede, 1985). He further explains that emotional intelligence is necessary for building trust, solving problems with others, participating productively in a group and creating a sense of identity and efficacy. Emotional intelligence, however, has its weaknesses as shown by Earley & Mosakowski (2004). They give an example of an American expatriate engineer working with two German counterparts. After some time of the Germans shooting down other people’s ideas, the American mistakenly equated the action of the two as that of all Germans. With emotional intelligence alone, the manager is unable to show how much of the behavior of the engineers had been idiosyncratic and how much was culturally determined. He did not know how to influence their actions (Earley & Mosakowski, 2004). Earley and Mosakowski state that human actions, speech and gestures that a person encounters in a foreign setting are subject to wide interpretations that may make misunderstandings likely and cooperation impossible (Earley&Mosakowski, 2004). Hofstede states

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Assignment Example This means that the test subjects wont necessarily be representative of the population. Random assignment means assigning test subjects to different treatments in the study. Randomization is the best way of making sure that the necessary control in the study is present. They are related to both internal and external validities as they increase both. Internal validity is the validity of the effect discovered in the study, and external validity is the validity in which the cause-effect relationship holds up when measurements are changed. The randomization increases both validities. a. Threats to the validity of the research about the two school groups include the fact that the number of students in each group isnt specified, and if it isnt above 30- the research isnt valid since at least 30 test subjects are needed to conduct a test on statistical hypotheses (even more according to different, more rigid approaches). A way to increase the external validity in this subject is to increase the number of test subjects in each group as much as possible, so that the results are as accurate and representative as possible, and also in order for them to be at least over 30, which is the agreed upon number of test subjects needed in a group in order to be able to test the validity of hypotheses. b. The threat to the validity of the study is mainly that the teacher had a pretest and a posttest for classes A and B while only having the posttest for classes C and D. it is impossible to deduce from this that the former classes are superior to the latter ones because of the introduction of the new materials and methods. She should have done both tests on all classes. Furthermore, there is a need to control possible intervening variables to make sure that there is a statistical link between these new materials and methods to the score achieved in the post test (the link can be a correlation and then it wouldnt be legitimate